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Article Published February 12, 2002
County Mayo (Ireland): An Outline History -- The Normans
By Bernard O'Hara and Nollaig ÓMuraíle,
Mayo Ireland Ltd
The Normans
The Anglo-Norman colonisation of Ireland from1169 onwards was one of the
most significant events in the development of Ireland. Mayo came under
Norman control in 1235. The Norman conquest meant the eclipse of many Gaelic
lords and chieftains, chiefly the O'Connors of Connacht, but the invaders
soon adopted Gaelic customs and began to marry with the native Irish and
became as the phrase has it: 'more Irish than the Irish themselves'. This
process of Gaelicisation is best exemplified in the adoption by various
Norman families and branches of families of new surnames based on
Gaelic-style patronymics. Examples of Mayo surnames today with Norman
origins include Barrett, Burke and Bourke, Costello, Culkin, Davitt,
Fitzmaurice, Gibbons, Jennings, Joyce, McEvilly, Nally, Padden, Staunton and
Walsh. The Normans started numerous towns and developed some existing
settlements into towns, as well as organising fairs and markets. They
developed roads, bridges, sea-ports and promoted the growth of trade both
domestic and foreign as well as improving the agricultural methods then in
vogue.
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